THE ROLE OF KEYSTONE SPECIES IN ECOSYSTEM STABILITY

Аннотация

Keystone species play a disproportionately critical role in maintaining ecosystem stability and biodiversity, despite their often-small population sizes. This review synthesizes current understanding of their ecological functions, mechanisms of influence, and conservation challenges. By regulating trophic dynamics, engineering habitats, and facilitating species interactions, keystone species act as linchpins that prevent ecosystem collapse. Case studies from terrestrial, aquatic, and marine ecosystems underscore their irreplaceable role in mitigating biodiversity loss and enhancing resilience against environmental perturbations. Conservation strategies targeting these species are essential for sustaining ecosystem services and ecological balance.