ARTIFICIAL PANCREAS: ADVANCES IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

Аннотация

The artificial pancreas represents a pivotal advancement in diabetes care, automating insulin delivery through integrated continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), insulin pumps, and sophisticated algorithms to achieve near-physiological glycemic control. This review traces its evolution from early conceptualizations to current hybrid closed-loop (HCL) and advanced HCL (AHCL) systems, evaluates clinical evidence from trials and real-world data, and discusses challenges such as postprandial hyperglycemia and device interoperability. Drawing on publications from 2005–2025, including bibliometric analyses and meta-analyses, it highlights a shift toward AI-driven, fully automated systems and bioartificial approaches. Key metrics like time in range (TIR) demonstrate efficacy, with systems achieving 70-88% TIR in T1D patients.