№ 75-1 (том 2): ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ И НАУКА В XXI ВЕКЕ, Июнь, 2026
Научно-образовательные статьи

COMBINED CaO + Na₂CO₃ CO-MODIFICATION, CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION AND MAGNETIC SEPARATION FOR IRON RECOVERY FROM COPPER SMELTING SLAGS OF ALMALYK MMC

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  • Doston Toshpulatov,
  • Kakhramon Ochildiev
Doston Toshpulatov
Tashkent State Technical University
Kakhramon Ochildiev
Tashkent State Technical University

Опубликован 16.06.2026

Ключевые слова

  • copper slag; fayalite; CaO modification; Na₂CO₃; carbothermal reduction; magnetic separation; Almalyk MMC; RSM optimization; iron recovery.

Как цитировать

D. Toshpulatov, & K. Ochildiev. (2026). COMBINED CaO + Na₂CO₃ CO-MODIFICATION, CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION AND MAGNETIC SEPARATION FOR IRON RECOVERY FROM COPPER SMELTING SLAGS OF ALMALYK MMC. ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ И НАУКА В XXI ВЕКЕ, 75-1 (том 2). https://mpcareer-google.ru/index.php/journal/article/view/5789

Аннотация

This article presents a novel combined technological approach for efficient iron (Fe) recovery from copper smelting slags generated at Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Combine (AMMC), Uzbekistan. The method integrates co-modification using CaO and Na₂CO₃, followed by carbothermal reduction and wet high-intensity magnetic separation (WHIMS). Under optimized conditions (CaO 12–15%, Na₂CO₃ 10%, temperature 1100–1150°C, 60 min, C/O = 1.1), Fe recovery efficiency reached 91.6 ± 1.8% for open flash smelting (OFS) slag and 95.1 ± 1.6% for converter slag — representing a 28–33% improvement over conventional magnetic separation. The synergistic effect of CaO and Na₂CO₃ was confirmed statistically (p < 0.01) using Response Surface Methodology with Box-Behnken design (RSM-BBD). Kinetic analysis revealed an activation energy of Ea = 52.4 ± 3.8 kJ/mol, significantly lower than 73.6 kJ/mol for unmodified slag. Economic assessment for a 50,000 t/year processing plant showed EBITDA of USD 3.26 million and a payback period of 1.1 years.

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