Опубликован 16.06.2026
Ключевые слова
- chronic stress, retina, immobilization stress, histology, neurodegeneration, rat model.
Как цитировать
Аннотация
Chronic stress is recognized as one of the major factors affecting the structural and functional integrity of various organs and tissues. The visual system, particularly the retina, is highly sensitive to metabolic and vascular disturbances induced by prolonged stress exposure. The present study aimed to evaluate histomorphological changes in the retina of rats subjected to chronic immobilization stress. Twenty adult male Wistar rats were divided into control and experimental groups. Animals in the experimental group were exposed to immobilization stress for 2 hours daily over a period of 21 days. Retinal tissue samples were collected and processed for histological examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Microscopic analysis revealed structural alterations in retinal layers, including thinning of the ganglion cell layer, reduced cellular density, and vascular congestion. Degenerative changes were more pronounced in the inner retinal layers compared to controls. These findings suggest that chronic immobilization stress may induce significant retinal damage and contribute to neurodegenerative processes within the visual system.
Библиографические ссылки
- McEwen B.S. Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. N Engl J Med. 1998;338(3):171–179.
- Yaribeygi H., Panahi Y., Sahraei H., Johnston T.P., Sahebkar A. The impact of stress on body function. EXCLI Journal. 2017;16:1057–1072.
- Chrousos G.P. Stress and disorders of the stress system. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009;5(7):374–381.
- Tezel G. Oxidative stress in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2006;25(5):490–513.
- Nita M., Grzybowski A. The role of oxidative stress in ocular diseases. Acta Ophthalmol. 2016;94(3):e199–e228.
- Osborne N.N., Melena J., Chidlow G., Wood J.P.M. Retinal ischemia: mechanisms of damage and potential therapeutic strategies. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2004;23(1):91–147.
- Kolb H. Simple anatomy of the retina. Webvision: The Organization of the Retina and Visual System. University of Utah; 2020.
- Standring S. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 42nd ed. Elsevier; 202